@article {70213,
	title = {Multiscale structure of chromatin condensates explains phase separation and material properties.},
	journal = {Science},
	volume = {390},
	year = {2025},
	month = {2025 Dec 04},
	pages = {eadv6588},
	abstract = {<p>The structure and interaction networks of molecules within biomolecular condensates are poorly understood. Using cryo-electron tomography and molecular dynamics simulations, we elucidated the structure of phase-separated chromatin condensates across scales, from individual amino acids to network architecture. We found that internucleosomal DNA linker length controls nucleosome arrangement and histone tail interactions, shaping the structure of individual chromatin molecules within and outside condensates. This structural modulation determines the balance between intra- and intermolecular interactions, which governs the molecular network, thermodynamic stability, and material properties of chromatin condensates. Mammalian nuclei contain dense clusters of nucleosomes whose nonrandom organization is mirrored by the reconstituted condensates. Our work explains how the structure of individual chromatin molecules determines physical properties of chromatin condensates and cellular chromatin organization.</p>
},
	keywords = {Animals, Biomolecular Condensates, Chromatin, Cryoelectron Microscopy, DNA, Electron Microscope Tomography, Histones, Humans, Molecular Dynamics Simulation, Nucleosomes, Phase Separation, Thermodynamics},
	issn = {1095-9203},
	doi = {10.1126/science.adv6588},
	url = {https://doi.org/10.1126/science.adv6588},
	author = {Zhou, Huabin and Huertas, Jan and Maristany, M Julia and Russell, Kieran and Hwang, June Ho and Yao, Run-Wen and Samanta, Nirnay and Hutchings, Joshua and Billur, Ramya and Shiozaki, Momoko and Zhao, Xiaowei and Doolittle, Lynda K and Gibson, Bryan A and Soranno, Andrea and Riggi, Margot and Espinosa, Jorge R and Yu, Zhiheng and Villa, Elizabeth and Collepardo-Guevara, Rosana and Rosen, Michael K}
}
