@article {6884, title = {A systematic nomenclature for the insect brain.}, journal = {Neuron}, volume = {81}, year = {2014}, month = {2014 Feb 19}, pages = {755-65}, abstract = {

Despite the importance of the insect nervous system for functional and developmental neuroscience, descriptions of insect brains have suffered from a lack of uniform nomenclature. Ambiguous definitions of brain regions and fiber bundles have contributed to the variation of names used to describe the same structure. The lack of clearly determined neuropil boundaries has made it difficult to document precise locations of neuronal projections for connectomics study. To address such issues, a consortium of\ neurobiologists studying arthropod brains, the Insect Brain Name Working Group, has established the present hierarchical nomenclature system, using the brain of Drosophila melanogaster as the reference framework, while taking the brains of other taxa into careful consideration for maximum consistency and expandability. The following summarizes the consortium{\textquoteright}s nomenclature system and highlights examples of existing ambiguities and remedies for them. This nomenclature is intended to serve as a\ standard of reference for the study of the brain of Drosophila and other insects.

}, issn = {1097-4199}, doi = {10.1016/j.neuron.2013.12.017}, author = {Ito, Kei and Shinomiya, Kazunori and Ito, Masayoshi and Armstrong, J Douglas and Boyan, George and Hartenstein, Volker and Harzsch, Steffen and Heisenberg, Martin and Homberg, Uwe and Jenett, Arnim and Keshishian, Haig and Restifo, Linda L and R{\"o}ssler, Wolfgang and Simpson, Julie H and Strausfeld, Nicholas J and Strauss, Roland and Vosshall, Leslie B} } @article {4979, title = {Multiple memory traces for olfactory reward learning in Drosophila.}, journal = {The Journal of Neuroscience: The Official Journal of the Society for Neuroscience}, volume = {27}, year = {2007}, month = {2007 Oct 10}, pages = {11132-8}, abstract = {

Physical traces underlying simple memories can be confined to a single group of cells in the brain. In the fly Drosophila melanogaster, the Kenyon cells of the mushroom bodies house traces for both appetitive and aversive odor memories. The adenylate cyclase protein, Rutabaga, has been shown to mediate both traces. Here, we show that, for appetitive learning, another group of cells can additionally accommodate a Rutabaga-dependent memory trace. Localized expression of rutabaga in either projection neurons, the first-order olfactory interneurons, or in Kenyon cells, the second-order interneurons, is sufficient for rescuing the mutant defect in appetitive short-term memory. Thus, appetitive learning may induce multiple memory traces in the first- and second-order olfactory interneurons using the same plasticity mechanism. In contrast, aversive odor memory of rutabaga is rescued selectively in the Kenyon cells, but not in the projection neurons. This difference in the organization of memory traces is consistent with the internal representation of reward and punishment.

}, keywords = {Animals, Drosophila melanogaster, Female, Learning, Male, Nerve Net, Olfactory Pathways, Reward, Smell}, issn = {1529-2401}, doi = {10.1523/JNEUROSCI.2712-07.2007}, author = {Thum, Andreas S and Jenett, Arnim and Ito, Kei and Heisenberg, Martin and Tanimoto, Hiromu} } @article {4981, title = {The virtual insect brain protocol: creating and comparing standardized neuroanatomy.}, journal = {BMC Bioinformatics}, volume = {7}, year = {2006}, month = {2006 Dec 29}, pages = {544}, abstract = {

In the fly Drosophila melanogaster, new genetic, physiological, molecular and behavioral techniques for the functional analysis of the brain are rapidly accumulating. These diverse investigations on the function of the insect brain use gene expression patterns that can be visualized and provide the means for manipulating groups of neurons as a common ground. To take advantage of these patterns one needs to know their typical anatomy.

}, keywords = {Anatomic, Animals, Brain, Computer Graphics, Computer Simulation, Drosophila melanogaster, Imaging, Models, Neuroanatomy, Neurological, Software, Subtraction Technique, Three-Dimensional, User-Computer Interface}, issn = {1471-2105}, doi = {10.1186/1471-2105-7-544}, author = {Jenett, Arnim and Schindelin, Johannes E and Heisenberg, Martin} }