@article {48494,
	title = {Representations of Novelty and Familiarity in a Mushroom Body Compartment.},
	journal = {Cell},
	volume = {169},
	year = {2017},
	month = {2017 May 09},
	pages = {956-69},
	abstract = {<p>Animals exhibit a behavioral response to novel sensory stimuli about which they have no prior knowledge. We have examined the neural and behavioral correlates of novelty and familiarity in the olfactory system of Drosophila. Novel odors elicit strong activity in output neurons (MBONs) of the α{\textquoteright}3 compartment of the mushroom body that is rapidly suppressed upon repeated exposure to the same odor. This transition in neural activity upon familiarization requires odor-evoked activity in the dopaminergic neuron innervating this compartment. Moreover, exposure of a fly to novel odors evokes an alerting response that can also be elicited by optogenetic activation of α{\textquoteright}3 MBONs. Silencing these MBONs eliminates the alerting behavior. These data suggest that the α{\textquoteright}3 compartment plays a causal role in the behavioral response to novel and familiar stimuli as a consequence of dopamine-mediated plasticity at the Kenyon cell-MBONα{\textquoteright}3 synapse.</p>
},
	issn = {1097-4172},
	doi = {10.1016/j.cell.2017.04.028},
	author = {Hattori, Daisuke and Aso, Yoshinori and Swartz, Kurtis J and Rubin, Gerald M and Abbott, L F and Axel, Richard}
}
@article {45810,
	title = {The neuronal architecture of the mushroom body provides a logic for associative learning.},
	journal = {eLife},
	volume = {3},
	year = {2014},
	month = {2014 Dec 23},
	abstract = {<p>We identified the neurons comprising the Drosophila mushroom body (MB), an associative center in invertebrate brains, and provide a comprehensive map describing their potential connections. Each of the 21 MB output neuron (MBON) types elaborates segregated dendritic arbors along the parallel axons of \~{}2000 Kenyon cells, forming 15 compartments that collectively tile the MB lobes. MBON axons project to five discrete neuropils outside of the MB and three MBON types form a feedforward network in the lobes. Each of the 20 dopaminergic neuron (DAN) types projects axons to one, or at most two, of the MBON compartments. Convergence of DAN axons on compartmentalized Kenyon cell-MBON synapses creates a highly ordered unit that can support learning to impose valence on sensory representations. The elucidation of the complement of neurons of the MB provides a comprehensive anatomical substrate from which one can infer a functional logic of associative olfactory learning and memory.</p>
},
	issn = {2050-084X},
	doi = {10.7554/eLife.04577},
	author = {Aso, Yoshinori and Hattori, Daisuke and Yu, Yang and Johnston, Rebecca M and Iyer, Nirmala A and Ngo, Teri-Tb and Dionne, Heather and Abbott, Lf and Axel, Richard and Tanimoto, Hiromu and Rubin, Gerald M}
}
