@article {46353,
	title = {Cluster analysis and robust use of full-field models for sonar beamforming},
	journal = {Journal of  Acoustical Society of America },
	volume = {120},
	year = {2006},
	month = {11/2006},
	pages = { 2635{\textendash}2647},
	type = {Journal Article},
	chapter = {2635},
	abstract = {<p>Multipath propagation in shallow water can lead to mismatch losses when single-path replicas are\&nbsp;usedfor horizontal array\&nbsp;beamforming.Matched field processing(MFP) seeks to remedy this by\&nbsp;using\&nbsp;full-fieldacoustic propagationmodels to predict the multipath arrival structure. Ideally MFP can give source localization in range and depth as well as detection gains but\&nbsp;robustly\&nbsp;estimating range and depth is difficult in practice. The approach described here seeks to collapse\&nbsp;full-field\&nbsp;replica outputs to bearing which is\&nbsp;robustly\&nbsp;estimated while retaining any signal gains provided by the\&nbsp;full-field\&nbsp;model.Clusteranalysis\&nbsp;is\&nbsp;used\&nbsp;to group together\&nbsp;full-field\&nbsp;replicas with similar responses. This yields a less redundant {\textquotedblleft}sampled field{\textquotedblright} describing a set of representative multipath structures for each bearing. A detection algorithm is introduced that\&nbsp;uses\&nbsp;clustering\&nbsp;to collapse\&nbsp;beamformer\&nbsp;outputs to bearing such that signal gains are retained while increases in the noise floor are minimized. Horizontal array data from SWELLEX-96 are\&nbsp;used\&nbsp;to demonstrate the detection benefits of sampled field as compared to single-pathbeamforming.</p>
},
	issn = {0001-4966},
	doi = {10.1121/1.2346128},
	author = {Brian Tracey and  Nigel Lee and Srinivas Turaga}
}
