@article {67210, title = {Intracellular mRNA transport and localized translation.}, journal = {Nature Reviews Molecular Cell Biology}, volume = {22}, year = {2021}, month = {2021 Jul 1}, pages = {483-504}, abstract = {

Fine-tuning cellular physiology in response to intracellular and environmental cues requires precise temporal and spatial control of gene expression. High-resolution imaging technologies to detect mRNAs and their translation state have revealed that all living organisms localize mRNAs in subcellular compartments and create translation hotspots, enabling cells to tune gene expression locally. Therefore, mRNA localization is a conserved and integral part of gene expression regulation from prokaryotic to eukaryotic cells. In this Review, we discuss the mechanisms of mRNA transport and local mRNA translation across the kingdoms of life and at organellar, subcellular and multicellular resolution. We also discuss the properties of messenger ribonucleoprotein and higher order RNA granules and how they may influence mRNA transport and local protein synthesis. Finally, we summarize the technological developments that allow us to study mRNA localization and local translation through the simultaneous detection of mRNAs and proteins in single cells, mRNA and nascent protein single-molecule imaging, and bulk RNA and protein detection methods.

}, issn = {1471-0080}, doi = {10.1038/s41580-021-00356-8}, author = {Das, Sulagna and Vera, Maria and Gandin, Valentina and Singer, Robert H and Tutucci, Evelina} } @article {46703, title = {Gene regulation: the HSP70 gene jumps when shocked.}, journal = {Current Biology}, volume = {24}, year = {2014}, month = {2014 May 19}, pages = {R396-8}, abstract = {

Limited chromosome mobility has been observed in mammalian interphase nuclei. Live imaging shows unidirectional and actin-dependent movement of HSP70 loci towards speckles upon heat shock, resulting in enhanced transcription. This adds further impetus to understanding compartmentalization of function in the nucleus.

}, keywords = {Animals, Heat-Shock Response, Humans, Transcriptional Activation, Transgenes}, issn = {1879-0445}, doi = {10.1016/j.cub.2014.03.070}, author = {Vera, Maria and Singer, Robert H} } @article {46702, title = {The translation elongation factor eEF1A1 couples transcription to translation during heat shock response.}, journal = {eLife}, volume = {3}, year = {2014}, month = {2014 Sep 16}, pages = {e03164}, abstract = {

Translation elongation factor eEF1A has a well-defined role in protein synthesis. In this study, we demonstrate a new role for eEF1A: it participates in the entire process of the heat shock response (HSR) in mammalian cells from transcription through translation. Upon stress, isoform 1 of eEF1A rapidly activates transcription of HSP70 by recruiting the master regulator HSF1 to its promoter. eEF1A1 then associates with elongating RNA polymerase II and the 3{\textquoteright}UTR of HSP70 mRNA, stabilizing it and facilitating its transport from the nucleus to active ribosomes. eEF1A1-depleted cells exhibit severely impaired HSR and compromised thermotolerance. In contrast, tissue-specific isoform 2 of eEF1A does not support HSR. By adjusting transcriptional yield to translational needs, eEF1A1 renders HSR rapid, robust, and highly selective; thus, representing an attractive therapeutic target for numerous conditions associated with disrupted protein homeostasis, ranging from neurodegeneration to cancer.

}, issn = {2050-084X}, doi = {10.7554/eLife.03164}, author = {Vera, Maria and Pani, Bibhusita and Griffiths, Lowri A and Muchardt, Christian and Abbott, Catherine M and Singer, Robert H and Nudler, Evgeny} }